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EARTHQUAKE TRAGEDY OF SENDAI, JAPAN

Minamisanriku 's people under water. The Independent source.

- "There was an earthquake near Tokyo my boss told me last Friday.
- "Yes, I know" , I answered. "Two days ago there was an earthquake measuring 7"
- "No" , I replied. "There have been other much stronger earthquake, near Sendai, a few minutes ago" .
and perplexed to see images of Sendai airport completely flooded.

And although strangely, despite living only 500 km from the epicenter, in Kyoto did not feel anything, and we learn as most of you by internet.
a few minutes, my distraught wife called me from across the world via Skype, since the phones did not work. As a seismologist, she had received an alert USGS.
- "There is a major flaw in the area unstable. We expected a big earthquake, but no one knew he was about to happen ".
In the next few hours the world was shocked by the terrible images of this mega-earthquake measuring 9.0 and the devastating tsunami that razed entire villages on the shores of affection the coast of Fukushima, Miyagi and Iwate.

It stressed that Japan learned from his past misfortunes, particularly in the Kobe earthquake in 1995 (7.2 Richter scale), and as a result the buildings have held up relatively well, despite the Friday's quake was 500 times stronger. This is due to the strict anti-seismic regulations followed in the construction of buildings.
But what no one was ready was the force of the tsunamis. The weekend has been showing increasing the magnitude of the horror of this tragedy, which some sources would exceed 10,000.

Sendai Two stunning views before and after the tsunami. Source The New York Times

Meanwhile, the tragedy does not let up. After the many strong aftershocks have followed explosions at nuclear power plants in Fukushima . In Tokyo there is rationing energy and transport, and all this occurs in late winter, when temperatures in northern Japan can reach 0 degrees. It saddens me to think of those who have lost everything, and they have to survive in the cold of the night. Right now as I write these lines, an alert other 3-meter tsunami approaching the coast of Fukushima, Iwate and Aomori

Explosion at nuclear reactor in Fukushima. Source: News Alert .

What we learn from this lesson planners and architects? Definitely prevention. Japan has, by law, open spaces and shelters where people can go in these cases, in addition to alarm systems that alert the population to 1 minute before the earthquake occurs. But beyond that, Japanese society is an example of solidarity. No one has reported looting, no demands for water or food. No one is here before the others, all make force to seek the common good to misfortune, just as when it happened after the war.

Force, Japan! You're a country that has always been bigger than his misfortunes.


PD. I thank the posts of readers and friends asking about my situation after the earthquake. Thank you very much for your consideration.

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ALVAR AALTO: FINLAND FORT HALL

Samelian Photo courtesy of

Without doubt the most important building Alvar Aalto in Helsinki's Finlandia Hall on , not only by the size and quality his factory, but the importance of this complex was in the planning of the Finnish capital. Although Aalto's plan included this concert hall as part of a much larger urban plan, it is certain that their presence has been the catalyst for the development of several major urban works, such as Kiasma Museum or New Chamber Music.


LOCATION

The elongated building resembles a ship anchored at the end of the Bay of Töölö. Near it is a small hill that starts a belt of vegetation around the bay.

This satellite view is from 2007, when even the new concert hall was beginning its construction. Source Google Earth.

View location on Google Maps

BRIEF HISTORY

The central plaza of the city of Helsinki, including, was commissioned by Tsar Alexander I of Russia, and its cathedral, designed by German architect Carl Ludvig Engel. In 1961 the city of Helsinki commissioned Alvar Aalto, the most notable Finnish modern architect, the development of a large urban plan for the center of the city, whose most conspicuous building would be a building for Congress and for concerts. This plan, which was never implemented as such, included a number of cultural facilities around the bay. However, it was to make the Finlandia Hall, built between 1967 and 1971.

Stamp Alvar Aalto in Finland Hall as its landmark building.

VOLUMETRIC COMPOSITION

The building is characterized by its flatness and asymmetry, interrupted by the volume of the concert hall and has a truncated trapezoidal shape.


In turn, that horizontality is treated by a sequence of vertical windows that give rhythm to the facade.


The exterior has been covered with Carrara marble, an idea that Aalto took his trip to Italy. He said the material would not need maintenance and colorfulness and joy to the city, characterized by its dark and depressing atmosphere.


However, the architect that this rock did not suffer the ravages of Italian climate in Finland: a difference of 60 ° C (30 ° C in summer and in winter -30 ° C), pollution and large amount of rainfall (marble absorbs cold water and freeze, causing cracks in the stone), which has caused deterioration.

Photo courtesy of pica.

The white contrasts with the copper roof, which speaks to the greenish color of the vegetation surrounding the Hall.


DISTRIBUTION

The building is on three levels and consists of a Congress Hall, a main auditorium for concerts, chamber music hall, conference rooms, display areas and areas Restaurant and services.

First level

Second level

Third level

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By entering, stairs lead us to the foyer, around which are distributed audiences. For Aalto, this was another Italian reminiscence, like balconies that look out on a piazza.


The restaurant seats 600 people and space can be divided into two panels using. While remaining open to the public, mostly for use by members of Congress.
INTERIOR


Something that strikes the visitor is the amount of light that this building receives. Even many people who came from the north of the country was surprised to see lots of light and large windows, as they were accustomed to having small windows to keep heat and store energy. Aalto wanted to give vitality to the interior through large windows and glass partitions, whose views were directed to what he had been conceived as a large square in its urban plan.

inside The predominant colors are white, gray, black and neutral colors as the architect wanted his architecture to behave as a neutral background and people bring the color.

The main space of the building is obviously the concert hall, which however is used mostly as a center for conferences and congresses. With 2500 m2, 1700 houses and 500 balcony seats.


Inside, white and blue colors represent the colors of the flag of Finland.
The interior decoration technique expresses the wood warped, Admas the typical lattice that appears in other works of Aalto, as the City of Säynästalo .


6000 m3 in the acoustic space, Aalto had the idea that music should rise in top of a large space and then descend. Unfortunately, the music never returned and so the sound is not good. In addition, VIP balconies but not very practical, since there are not good visibility and acoustics.



Over time, we included several elements such as mid-height ceiling and removed others, such as carpet.
Therefore, it is constructing a new building next to Kiasma will house a modern concert hall, at the Finlandia Hall is used for small concerts in the future, focusing largely on holding conferences.


Another smaller auditorium for chamber music has a capacity of 350 seats. Acoustical panels are original and the wave wall. The cabin was added by translators Elisa Aalto, his second wife. The vermilion red color makes it intimate and warm.



FURNITURE


Aalto was primarily a furniture combines functionality and ease of use with finesse and aesthetic simplicity. Each of the 30 types of lamps were designed by Aalto and his wife. Some of these lamps me recalled those of the Savoy Restaurant we saw earlier


tables are ordinary, and that when put next to each other could be assembled in various ways.


The furniture was made using a technique of twisting of the wood, which for reasons of space will detail in Moleskine Stories.

SEE ALSO
- OTHER WORKS by Alvar Aalto

• City of Säynätsalo, Finland. (1948-52)
• Academic Bookstore, Helsinki, Finland. (1966-69)
• Savoy Restaurant, Helsinki, Finland. (1936)